Fever In Toddlers: Causes, Symptoms And When To Worry

A fever is common in toddlers and seldom a cause for concern. The rise in temperature helps the body fight infection-causing microorganisms. However, it is good to consult a doctor if the temperature crosses the safe threshold.

In this MomJunction post, we tell you fever in toddlers, its cause, and how to help a toddler cope with fever.

What Is A Fever And How Common Is It Among Toddlers?

A fever occurs when the brain raises the body temperature from normal (1). In children, the healthy and normal range of body temperature is 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F), measured axillary, orally or rectally. Fever in toddlers occurs when the body temperature shoots to 38.5°C (101.3°F) or above (2). Fever is a common phenomenon among toddlers and infants. As per a study featured in Pediatrics in Review, nearly 30% of pediatric visits are related to fever. 

What Causes Fever In Toddlers?

Several reasons can cause the body to increase its temperature. The following are the likely causes of fever in toddlers (1) (2).

• Microbial infection, from a virus, bacteria or fungi.

• Dehydration, a result of inadequate fluid consumption.

• Skin conditions, like skin hives (urticaria).

• Excessive heat exposure can cause heatstroke and an increase in body temperature.

• Vaccination may cause a temporary a fever as a side effect.

• Allergies and metabolic disorders may cause a fever in rare cases.

It is to be noted that a fever is a symptom in itself. It indicates that something is wrong with the body. However, there could be some other indicators that your toddler has a fever.

What Are The Symptoms Of A Fever In Toddlers?

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, a child could display the following symptoms associated with a fever (3).

• Increased sweating
• Irritability
• Lethargy
• Excessive crying
• Reluctance to feed
• Increased thirst
• Skin rash
• Sore throat
• Earache
• Flushed and reddened face

At times, a toddler displays fever and other symptoms, but is active, eats well, and does not seem bothered. This is when the fever is low. However, the symptoms appear when the fever rises.

When To See A Doctor?

Although a fever in toddlers is common, it is advised to see a doctor in the following situations (2) (3) (4).

• The toddler has a body temperature of 40°C (104°F) or above.

• Fever persists for more than two days.

• Fever comes down with antipyretics but then comes back within 2-3 hours.

• Toddler has diarrhea, vomiting, and seems to have dehydrated.

• The toddler is not eating properly.

• Vomiting

• There is severe stiffness in the toddler’s body.

• There is an increased breathing rate.

• The toddler displays irritability and fussiness or is lethargic and drowsy.

• There maybe be rash in the body.

Some diseases, like meningitis and sepsis, may cause a fever with no other symptoms (5). If the fever persists more than two days, then see a doctor.

It is important to treat the cause of the fever. A pediatrician can find the cause of the fever and prescribe a medication accordingly. The duration of the fever and the course of medication will depend on the cause of the illness.

How You Can Help Your Toddler Feel Better

In the case of fever sans any complications (such as stomach pain or body rash), you may try the following home remedies to help your toddler feel better (2) (6).

• Use light-weight and comfortable clothes to prevent trapping of the body heat, thereby lowering the body temperature.

• Dehydration may aggravate the fever. Therefore, encourage the toddler to drink water, fresh fruit juice, tender coconut water, and soup. Breastfeeding or formula-feeding your toddler at regular intervals may be helpful.

• Giving your toddler a lukewarm water bath or sponge bath may help alleviate the body temperature (2). Do not add ice or alcohol in the water.

The effectiveness of home remedies and care may vary depending on the toddler’s condition. 

What To Feed A Toddler With A Fever?

A toddler may have a loss of appetite with fever. The following food ideas could help them receive adequate nourishment during a fever.

• Breast milk or formula can be a good source of nutrients for the toddler. Breast milk contains antibodies that could provide some immunity to the toddler.

• Freshly prepared fruits and vegetable puree may be a healthy food choice. You may dilute the puree with water or the fruit/vegetable stock.

• Vegetable and meat broth can provide nutrition without the need for chewing.

• Mashed fruits and vegetables provide nourishment.

• Thin porridge is another nutritious food you may consider.

• Oral rehydration solution or ORS can help minimize the risk of dehydration.

Often, a fever subsides on its own without any treatment. Getting your little one checked by a doctor can prevent the onset of any likely complication. Doctor-prescribed medication and some home care can make the toddler feel better. The important thing to realize is that the fever is a manifestation of disease and the cause should be treated.

Do you have any home care tips for fever? Do let us know in the comment section below.

References

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